---
title: Early Re-Intervention Experiment 2
nct_id: NCT01153594
overall_status: COMPLETED
phase: PHASE3
sponsor: Chestnut Health Systems
study_type: INTERVENTIONAL
primary_condition: Substance Use Disorders
countries: United States
canonical_url: "https://parkinsonspathways.com/agent/trials/NCT01153594.md"
clinicaltrials_gov: "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01153594"
ct_last_update_post_date: 2010-06-30
last_seen_at: "2026-05-12T07:07:21.385Z"
source: ClinicalTrials.gov (mirrored, no enrichment)
---
# Early Re-Intervention Experiment 2

**Official Title:** Early Re-Intervention (ERI) Experiment 2

**NCT ID:** [NCT01153594](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01153594)

## Key Facts

- **Status:** COMPLETED
- **Phase:** PHASE3
- **Study Type:** INTERVENTIONAL
- **Target Enrollment:** 446
- **Lead Sponsor:** Chestnut Health Systems
- **Collaborators:** National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
- **Conditions:** Substance Use Disorders
- **Start Date:** 2004-02
- **Completion Date:** 2009-06
- **CT.gov Last Update:** 2010-06-30

## Brief Summary

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative effectiveness of quarterly Recovery Management Checkups (RMC) on long-term outcomes of adult chronic substance users over 4 years.

## Detailed Description

CONTEXT: While drug abuse is the 10th leading cause of mortality in the US, the disorder remains an orphan of the public health care system. Unlike cancer, diabetes, and other chronic diseases, the detection, re-emergence, and progression of which we have learned to respond with aggressively timed monitoring and interventions, drug abuse remains isolated from adoption into the "chronic condition" model of care.

OBJECTIVES AND HYPOTHESES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative effectiveness of quarterly checkups on long-term outcomes of adult chronic substance users over 4 years. Relative to participants randomly assigned to the control group, we predicted that RMC participants would: H1) return to treatment sooner, H2) receive more treatment, H3) decrease substance use, and H4) increase days of abstinence.

METHOD: Participants were recruited from sequential intakes at the largest addiction treatment agency in Illinois between February and April of 2004. Inclusion criteria were: any substance use in the past 90 days and any past-year symptoms of substance use disorders. For logistical reasons, participants were excluded if they were: under 18, lived or planned to move outside Chicago within 12 months, sentenced to a confined environment most of the next 12 months, mandated to treatment because of a driving under the influence offense, were not fluent in English or Spanish, or were cognitively unable to provide informed consent. To evaluate efficacy of quarterly Recovery Management Checkups (RMC) on treatment reentry and substance use, 446 adults (88% with dependence criteria) were randomly assigned quarterly RMCs, or, an outcome monitoring only control group and followed quarterly for 4 years (94% completion).

INTERVENTION. After interviewers completed the quarterly research interview and determined participants' eligibility and need for early re-intervention, they transferred RMC participants who were eligible and in need to a Linkage Manager. Using motivational interviewing, the Linkage Manager: a) provided feedback to participants regarding their current substance use and related problems, b) discussed implications of managing addiction as a chronic condition, c) discussed treatment barriers and solutions, d) assessed and discussed level of motivation for treatment, e) scheduled treatment appointments, f) accompanied participants to treatment intake and stayed through the process, and g) implemented Engagement and Retention Protocol during the 14 days of treatment. Detailed procedures and forms are available in the RMC manual(Scott \& Dennis, 2003; http://www.chestnut.org/LI/downloads/Scott\_\&\_Dennis\_2003\_RMC\_Manual-2\_25\_03.pdf ).

OUTCOME MEASURES: Days to first treatment, days of treatment, successive quarters of needing treatment, number of substance problem months, days of abstinence.

## Eligibility

- **Minimum age:** 18 Years
- **Sex:** ALL
- **Healthy Volunteers:** No

```
Inclusion Criteria:

* any substance use in the past 90 days
* any past-year symptoms of substance use disorders.

Exclusion Criteria:

* under 18
* lived or planned to move outside Chicago within 12 months
* sentenced to a confined environment most of the next 12 months
* mandated to treatment because of a driving under the influence offense
* were not fluent in English or Spanish
* were cognitively unable to provide informed consent.
```

## Arms

- **Recovery Management Checkups (RMC)** (EXPERIMENTAL) — Participants in the RMC group are interviewed quarterly. When they were found to be in need of treatment, the participant was transferred from the interviewer to a linkage manager to receive the intervention (described next). They were also able to re-enter treatment on their own and naturally cycle through multiple periods of substance use, treatment, incarceration and recovery.
- **Control Group** (NO_INTERVENTION) — Participants in the control group are interviewed quarterly. While they do not receive any active intervention from the research team, they are able to re-enter treatment on their own and naturally cycle through multiple periods of substance use, treatment, incarceration and recovery.

## Interventions

- **Recovery Management Checkups (RMC)** (BEHAVIORAL) — After interviewers completed the quarterly research interview and determined participants' eligibility and need for early re-intervention, they transferred RMC participants who were eligible and in need to a Linkage Manager. Using motivational interviewing, the Linkage Manager: a) provided feedback to participants regarding their current substance use and related problems, b) discussed implications of managing addiction as a chronic condition, c) discussed treatment barriers and solutions, d) assessed and discussed level of motivation for treatment, e) scheduled treatment appointments, f) accompanied participants to treatment intake and stayed through the process, and g) implemented Engagement and Retention Protocol during the 14 days of treatment

## Primary Outcomes

- **Time to First Alcohol or Drug Treatment Re-Entry** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48)_ — Days to readmission was calculated as the number of days from the date of the quarterly follow-up interview where the client first reported being in need of treatment (see below) to the date of the first subsequent intake to alcohol or other drug treatment following that interview.

## Secondary Outcomes

- **Any Treatment Re-Entry** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48)_
- **Times Re-entered Treatment Time Frame** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48 Description:)_
- **Total Days of Treatment** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48)_
- **Quarters with 7 days Outpatient or 14 days Residential** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48)_
- **Quarters Needing Treatment** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48)_
- **Successive Quarters Needing Treatment** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48)_
- **Substance Problem x Months** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48)_
- **Total Days of Abstinence** _(time frame: Quarterly from random assignment until month 48)_

## Locations (1)

- Chestnut Health Systems, Chicago, Illinois, United States

## Recent Field Changes (last 30 days)

- `status.overallStatus` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.primaryCompletionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.completionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.lastUpdatePostDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `design.phases` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `design.enrollmentCount` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.criteria` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.minAge` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.sex` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `outcomes.primary` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `outcomes.secondary` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `armsInterventions.arms` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `armsInterventions.interventions` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `sponsor.lead` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `sponsor.collaborators` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `results.hasResults` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `locations.chestnut health systems|chicago|illinois|united states` — added _(2026-05-12)_

---

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