---
title: Impact of Insecticide Resistance on Vector Control
nct_id: NCT01713517
overall_status: UNKNOWN
phase: PHASE4
sponsor: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
study_type: INTERVENTIONAL
primary_condition: Malaria, Falciparum
countries: Sudan
canonical_url: "https://parkinsonspathways.com/agent/trials/NCT01713517.md"
clinicaltrials_gov: "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01713517"
ct_last_update_post_date: 2012-10-26
last_seen_at: "2026-05-12T06:02:36.197Z"
source: ClinicalTrials.gov (mirrored, no enrichment)
---
# Impact of Insecticide Resistance on Vector Control

**Official Title:** Impact of Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles Arabiensis on the Effectiveness of Malaria Vector Control in Sudan

**NCT ID:** [NCT01713517](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01713517)

## Key Facts

- **Status:** UNKNOWN
- **Phase:** PHASE4
- **Study Type:** INTERVENTIONAL
- **Target Enrollment:** 28000
- **Lead Sponsor:** London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
- **Collaborators:** Federal Ministry of Health, Sudan, World Health Organization, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
- **Conditions:** Malaria, Falciparum
- **Start Date:** 2011-04
- **Completion Date:** 2014-10
- **CT.gov Last Update:** 2012-10-26

## Brief Summary

The purpose of the study is to determine whether long lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual insecticide spraying, alone or in combination, are effective for controlling insecticide resistant anopheles mosquitoes for malaria prevention.

## Detailed Description

The study will assess the impact that insecticide resistance has on the effectiveness of malaria vector control tools LLIN and IRS. This is done by a cluster randomised trials of universal coverage LLINs versus universal coverage LLINs in combination with IRS, with levels of baseline insecticide resistance in the main vector balanced between the two study arms. In each cluster resistance to the insecticide used on LLINs is monitored, and malaria incidence is estimated from cluster specific cohorts of children followed up over the duration of the study. Resistance impact will be assessed from the ratio of incidence rates in clusters with high compared to those with low resistance and from a continuous measure of resistance expressed as percentage loss of mosquito mortality when exposed to insecticide in standardised WHO tests. Resistance mechanisms will be studied in subsets of study clusters.

## Eligibility

- **Minimum age:** 6 Months
- **Maximum age:** 10 Years
- **Sex:** ALL
- **Healthy Volunteers:** Yes

```
Inclusion Criteria:

* Children older than 6 months and younger than 10 years in approximately 100 randomly selected households in all 140 study clusters selected in the four study areas

Exclusion Criteria:

* Children living in households within 1 km from the edge of a neighbouring cluster (the buffer zone)
```

## Arms

- **Universal coverage of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN)** (ACTIVE_COMPARATOR) — Distribution of long lasting insecticidal nets to all community members in the study arm allowing for at least one net per 2 persons
- **LLIN Plus Indoor Residual Spraying** (EXPERIMENTAL) — Distribution of long lasting insecticidal nets to all community members in the study arm allowing for at least one net per 2 persons plus indoor residual spraying with insecticide of interior walls of all houses twice yearly.

## Interventions

- **Indoor residual insecticide spraying (IRS)** (OTHER) — Application of insecticide to interior walls of domiciliary structures to kill malaria vector mosquitoes which rest on walls after taking human blood meal
- **Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN)** (DEVICE) — Provision of LLIN to all community members in the clusters allocated to the study arm. LLIN protect individuals from bites by malaria vector mosquitoes by providing a physical barrier and insecticidal and repellent effect.

## Primary Outcomes

- **Malaria Incidence** _(time frame: 3 years)_ — Infection with malarial parasites determined by rapid diagnostic tests/microscopy in cohort members who report or have fever (\>37.5C)

## Secondary Outcomes

- **Prevalence of P.falciparum Infection** _(time frame: 3 years)_
- **Entomological Innoculation rate** _(time frame: Average for months Sept, Oct, Nov for years 2011, 2012, 2013)_
- **Frequency of insecticide resistance associated genotypes (kdr) in anopheles arabiensis** _(time frame: Yearly average 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014)_

## Locations (3)

- Malaria Control Programme, Wad Medani, Al Jazirah, Sudan — _RECRUITING_
- Malaria Control Programme, Gedarif, Gedarif State, Sudan — _RECRUITING_
- Malaria Control Programme, Kassala, Kassala, Sudan — _RECRUITING_

## Recent Field Changes (last 30 days)

- `outcomes.primary` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `outcomes.secondary` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.overallStatus` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.primaryCompletionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.completionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.lastUpdatePostDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `design.phases` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `design.enrollmentCount` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.criteria` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.minAge` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.maxAge` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.sex` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `armsInterventions.arms` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `armsInterventions.interventions` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `sponsor.lead` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `sponsor.collaborators` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `results.hasResults` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `locations.malaria control programme|wad medani|al jazirah|sudan` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `locations.malaria control programme|gedarif|gedarif state|sudan` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `locations.malaria control programme|kassala|kassala|sudan` — added _(2026-05-12)_

---

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*Source data (authoritative): https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01713517*  
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