--- title: Innate Immune Response to (An)Aerobic Exercise in Rowing Athletes nct_id: NCT01893762 overall_status: COMPLETED phase: NA sponsor: UMC Utrecht study_type: INTERVENTIONAL primary_condition: Upper Respiratory Tract Infections countries: Netherlands canonical_url: "https://parkinsonspathways.com/agent/trials/NCT01893762.md" clinicaltrials_gov: "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01893762" ct_last_update_post_date: 2014-07-01 last_seen_at: "2026-05-12T07:00:32.285Z" source: ClinicalTrials.gov (mirrored, no enrichment) --- # Innate Immune Response to (An)Aerobic Exercise in Rowing Athletes **Official Title:** Innate Immune Response to Anaerobe and Aerobe Exercise in Rowing Athletes **NCT ID:** [NCT01893762](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01893762) ## Key Facts - **Status:** COMPLETED - **Phase:** NA - **Study Type:** INTERVENTIONAL - **Target Enrollment:** 16 - **Lead Sponsor:** UMC Utrecht - **Conditions:** Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, URTI - **Start Date:** 2013-05 - **Completion Date:** 2013-12 - **CT.gov Last Update:** 2014-07-01 ## Brief Summary Exercise induces innate immune response activation in athletes. The response starts during exercise and lasts for approximately 24 hours. This innate immune response shows similarities to the innate immune activation observed in, for example, bacterial infection and trauma. Immediately after exercise, athletes develop leukocytosis and cytokine production is altered towards an inflammatory pattern. However, to gain insight in immune response, a detailed cell receptor expression is required. To investigate the physiological innate immune response to exercise, we developed a model in rowers. Aim: To determine the type and degree of cellular inflammatory response in peripheral blood of elite rowing athletes after both anaerobe and aerobe exercise. Study design: Investigator driven, monocenter observational pilot study. Study population: 16 healthy, non-asthmatic, human volunteers, 18-25 year old. All competitive rowing athletes. ## Detailed Description Rationale: Exercise induces innate immune response activation in athletes. The response starts during exercise and lasts for approximately 24 hours. This innate immune response shows similarities to the innate immune activation observed in, for example, bacterial infection and trauma. Immediately after exercise, athletes develop leukocytosis and cytokine production is altered towards an inflammatory pattern. However, to gain insight in immune response, a detailed cell receptor expression is required. To investigate the physiological innate immune response to exercise, we developed a model in rowers. Objective: To determine the type and degree of cellular inflammatory response in peripheral blood of elite rowing athletes after both anaerobe and aerobe exercise. Study design: Investigator driven, monocenter observational pilot study. Study population: 16 healthy, non-asthmatic, human volunteers, 18-25 year old. All competitive rowing athletes. Intervention : All athletes perform two separate tests on a rowing ergometer. One anaerobe (flat out) exercise test (minutes) at day 1 and a aerobe test (1 hour) at day 2. Blood withdrawal of 9mL will be performed at four time points (1 pretest time point and 3 post: at 0h, 2 and 4h). Main study parameters/endpoints: The main endpoint is a rise in neutrophil cell count and the appearance of different subsets of neutrophils objectified by a change in receptor expression. Not only neutrophils are important in this innate cell response, other leukocytes like lymphocytes, monocytes and hematopoietic progenitor cells also play a role. Therefore the detailed analysis of receptor profiles on these cells will be measured by Flowcytometry. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: The anaerobe and aerobe exercise tests do not differ significantly from what the athletes are used to do for training purposes. Athletes who experience any pain or discomfort during exercise will be advised to stop. Blood withdrawal on itself may cause a vasovagal response and especially well trained athletes are susceptible to develop this response. A trained physician is present to take care and look after rowers that suffered from vasovagal collapse. All anaerobe exercise brings along a very small risk of acute cardiovascular complications and although all rowers undergo exercise testing by an exercise physiologist before participating in competition, this risk remains. The total amount of time of the study is 2 times 5 hours. This time frame consists of the prior blood withdrawal, the testing itself and subsequently the three time points of blood withdrawal. The amount of blood withdrawal per athlete is 4 x 9mL, with a total of 36 mL per volunteer at one day of testing. The total blood withdrawal is therefore 72 mL base on two testing days. ## Eligibility - **Minimum age:** 18 Years - **Maximum age:** 25 Years - **Sex:** ALL - **Healthy Volunteers:** Yes ``` Inclusion Criteria: * Elite rower: rowing for 12 months or longer, \>6 times a week. * Aged 18-25 years * Pretested(by exercise test\*) maximum heart rate * Visiting Rowing club Triton, Orca or Viking * Performed a sports medical examination test (required for competing on a national level by the Royal Dutch Rowing Asscociation) \*The exercise test is a multi step power test which builds up to maximum effort. Exclusion Criteria: * Asthmatic * Current respiratory infection, sinusitis, otitis or any other sign of acute/ chronic inflammatory disease * Physically injured ``` ## Arms - **16 rowers** (EXPERIMENTAL) — Adult rowers, aged between 18 and 25, training \>6 times a week are subjected to both an aerobic and a an anaerobic exercise challenge. Between the two challenges there must a pause of at least a week. ## Interventions - **Aerobic exercise** (BIOLOGICAL) — Aerobic exercise: 2x30 min on an indoor rowing machine at 75% of Maximum heart rate - **Anaerobic exercise** (BIOLOGICAL) — Anaerobic exercise: 3x1000m maximum effort, on an indoor rowing machine ## Primary Outcomes - **Change in neutrophil surface marker expression profiles over time** _(time frame: pre, 0h, 2h and 4h)_ — FACS analysis of peripheral blood neutrophils. The changes in surface markers over time will be analysed by principal component analysis. ## Secondary Outcomes - **Functional differences of neutrophil phenotypes before versus neutrophils that appear after exercise** _(time frame: pre and 2h post)_ - **Changes in absolute cell count** _(time frame: pre, 0, 2h and 4h)_ ## Locations (1) - Rowing Centre "De Driewerf", Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands ## Recent Field Changes (last 30 days) - `status.overallStatus` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `status.primaryCompletionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `status.completionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `status.lastUpdatePostDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `design.phases` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `design.enrollmentCount` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `eligibility.criteria` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `eligibility.minAge` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `eligibility.maxAge` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `eligibility.sex` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `outcomes.primary` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `outcomes.secondary` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `armsInterventions.arms` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `armsInterventions.interventions` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `sponsor.lead` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `results.hasResults` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `locations.rowing centre "de driewerf"|utrecht|utrecht|netherlands` — added _(2026-05-12)_ --- *Canonical: https://parkinsonspathways.com/agent/trials/NCT01893762.md* *Source data (authoritative): https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01893762* *This page is a raw mirror with no AI summary, no editorial enrichment, and no Parkinson's-specific filtering.*