---
title: Mindful Walking Intervention for Physical Inactivity
nct_id: NCT04277026
overall_status: COMPLETED
phase: NA
sponsor: Clemson University
study_type: INTERVENTIONAL
primary_condition: Physical Inactivity
countries: United States
canonical_url: "https://parkinsonspathways.com/agent/trials/NCT04277026.md"
clinicaltrials_gov: "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04277026"
ct_last_update_post_date: 2024-03-08
last_seen_at: "2026-05-12T07:32:52.785Z"
source: ClinicalTrials.gov (mirrored, no enrichment)
---
# Mindful Walking Intervention for Physical Inactivity

**Official Title:** Mindfulness Training for Adults With Physical Inactivity

**NCT ID:** [NCT04277026](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04277026)

## Key Facts

- **Status:** COMPLETED
- **Phase:** NA
- **Study Type:** INTERVENTIONAL
- **Target Enrollment:** 27
- **Lead Sponsor:** Clemson University
- **Collaborators:** YMCA, Prisma Health-Upstate
- **Conditions:** Physical Inactivity
- **Start Date:** 2020-03-01
- **Completion Date:** 2023-11-05
- **CT.gov Last Update:** 2024-03-08

## Brief Summary

Mindful walking is a meditation practice that combines physical activity and mindfulness practice. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions provided for increasing physical activity among adults with low physical activity levels. A randomized controlled trial design will be utilized, with an intervention and waitlist control group (N = 160). Outcomes measured include physical activity, sleep quality, and functional fitness. Participants will receive a total of eight sessions of 60-minute mindful walking training within four weeks. The intervention group will receive the training in Weeks 1-4 and the control group will receive the training during Weeks 5-8. Each training group will consist of up to 20 individuals. Data will be collected at baseline, four weeks, and eight weeks to determine the efficacy of the intervention.

## Eligibility

- **Minimum age:** 18 Years
- **Sex:** ALL
- **Healthy Volunteers:** Yes

```
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 and above
* English speaking
* Literacy 6th grade and above
* Willingness to share contact information (home address, phone number)
* No current mindfulness practice
* Greenville residents or persons who are patients of the partnering organizations in the investigator's study.
* Self-reported physical activity level below the CDC recommended guidelines (150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) a week of moderate-intensity, or 75 minutes (1 hour and 15 minutes ) a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity, or an equivalence combination of moderate- and vigorous intensity aerobic activity

Exclusion Criteria:

* \<18 years old
* Non-English-speaking
* Literacy lower than 6th grade
* Inability to attend intervention sessions
* Already completed or attending a mindfulness-based intervention
* Current pregnancy
* Current/past psychosis
* Acute episode of a substance use disorder (past two weeks)
* Acute episode of depression in the past two weeks
* Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury or brain damage
* Persistent antisocial behavior
* Persistent self-injury requiring clinical management
* Unable to engage for physical or practical reasons (e.g., disabling physical problems, unable to comprehend material)
* Dementia
* Suicidality
* Inability to do light walking for 10 mins at a stretch
* Severely obese BMI (\>50 kg/m2)
```

## Arms

- **Mindful Walking** (EXPERIMENTAL) — Eight weekly 60 minute mindful walking sessions involving observations of bodily sensations, experiences, and breath. Discussion of mindful walking experiences and encouragement to meet physical activity goals. The intervention will take place two times per week for four weeks (Weeks 1-4). During weeks 5-8 the experimental group will continue treatment as usual and will not be receiving the mindful walking intervention.
- **Control** (NO_INTERVENTION) — Participants will engage in treatment as usual during the first four weeks and will not be receiving the experimental intervention (mindful walking) during weeks 1-4. After the experimental group completes the mindful walking intervention, the control group will complete the mindful walking intervention (weeks 5-8).

## Interventions

- **Mindful Walking** (BEHAVIORAL) — Eight weekly 60 minute mindful walking sessions involving observations of bodily sensations, experiences, and breath. Discussion of mindful walking experiences and encouragement to meet physical activity goals.

## Primary Outcomes

- **Change in physical activity** _(time frame: Scale administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_ — Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity Scale: self-report scale of physical activity, with total score ranging from 1-10; higher scores indicate increased activity
- **Change in muscle strength** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_ — Upper and lower muscle strength will be measured with the 30-second arm curl test (number of biceps curls completed while holding a hand weight of 2.27 kg for women and 3.63 kg for men) and the 30-second chair-stand test (Prakhinkit et al. 2014).
- **Change in sleep quality** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention/baseline, 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_ — Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: 19 item self-report measure assessing sleep quality over the past month, total score ranging from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating worse sleep quality
- **Change in flexibility** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_ — The back scratch flexibility test (how close the hands can be brought together behind the back) and the chair sit-and-reach test will be used to measure upper and lower limb flexibility, respectively (Prakhinkit et al. 2014).
- **Change in agility** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_ — The timed up-and-go test will be used as a measure of agility (Prakhinkit et al. 2014)
- **Change in dynamic balance** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_ — The Star Excursion Balance Test will measure dynamic balance (Gribble, Hertel, and Plisky 2012)
- **Change in cardiorespiratory endurance** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_ — 6 minute walk test, measure includes how many meters the individual walks in 6 minutes around a 50-yard course (Prakhinkit et al. 2014)

## Secondary Outcomes

- **Change in perceived stress** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention/baseline, 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_
- **Change in adherence to medications** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_
- **Change in mindfulness skills** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_
- **Change in executive functioning** _(time frame: Assessment administered at pre-intervention (baseline), 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_
- **Mindfulness practice behavior** _(time frame: Assessment administered at 4 weeks (post-intervention for experimental group), 8 weeks (post-intervention for control group and follow-up for experimental group))_

## Locations (3)

- Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States
- Caine Halter Family YMCA, Greenville, South Carolina, United States
- Prisma Health-Upstate Internal Medicine Clinic, Greenville, South Carolina, United States

## Recent Field Changes (last 30 days)

- `status.overallStatus` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.primaryCompletionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.completionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `status.lastUpdatePostDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `design.phases` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `design.enrollmentCount` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.criteria` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.minAge` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `eligibility.sex` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `outcomes.primary` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `outcomes.secondary` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `armsInterventions.arms` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `armsInterventions.interventions` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `sponsor.lead` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `sponsor.collaborators` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `results.hasResults` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `locations.clemson university|clemson|south carolina|united states` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `locations.caine halter family ymca|greenville|south carolina|united states` — added _(2026-05-12)_
- `locations.prisma health-upstate internal medicine clinic|greenville|south carolina|united states` — added _(2026-05-12)_

---

*Canonical: https://parkinsonspathways.com/agent/trials/NCT04277026.md*  
*Source data (authoritative): https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04277026*  
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