--- title: "Evaluation of the Efficacy of Dd-cfDNA in Routine Patient Care in Kidney Transplant Recipients\"" nct_id: NCT06406179 overall_status: RECRUITING phase: NA sponsor: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris study_type: INTERVENTIONAL primary_condition: Renal Transplantation countries: France canonical_url: "https://parkinsonspathways.com/agent/trials/NCT06406179.md" clinicaltrials_gov: "https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06406179" ct_last_update_post_date: 2025-09-05 last_seen_at: "2026-05-12T06:13:00.885Z" source: ClinicalTrials.gov (mirrored, no enrichment) --- # Evaluation of the Efficacy of Dd-cfDNA in Routine Patient Care in Kidney Transplant Recipients" **Official Title:** Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Dd-cfDNA in Routine Patient Care in Kidney Transplant Recipients **NCT ID:** [NCT06406179](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06406179) ## Key Facts - **Status:** RECRUITING - **Phase:** NA - **Study Type:** INTERVENTIONAL - **Target Enrollment:** 500 - **Lead Sponsor:** Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris - **Conditions:** Renal Transplantation - **Start Date:** 2025-05-31 - **Completion Date:** 2028-11-30 - **CT.gov Last Update:** 2025-09-05 ## Brief Summary The investigator hypothesizes that the combined use of (1) Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) in peripheral blood predicting anti-donor immunological activation or quiescence (2) interactive and actionable data analytics delivered at the bedside will promote safe clinical follow-up of kidney transplant patients with less need for invasive biopsy and less induced risk surveillance by allograft protocol biopsies to assess allograft rejection in clinically stable kidney transplant patients. In addition, the evaluation of the transcriptional changes in tissue samples in selected patients using automated processing of digital slide images and intragraft gene expression profiles will provide a better diagnosis of the rejection mechanisms to provide the best therapeutic approach as compared to current clinical practice. We therefore propose a French, multicenter, prospective randomized trial comparing two strategies of follow-up: in the first group, a biopsy is performed at M3, M12 and for clinical indication whenever considered necessary by the clinician during the first 18 months of follow-up after transplant. In the second group, patients will have the same follow-up as in the first group, but reports providing dd-cfDNA results and relevant medical parameters will be provided to the physician to help him in the decision to perform a biopsy or not. ## Detailed Description The main objective of the study is to assess whether the use of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) as an immunological biomarker combined with clinical data to decrease the number of allograft biopsies during the first 18 months after transplantation. 500 new transplanted patients in 6 French clinical transplant sites will be included in the prospective multicenter AI-CARE trial. Recruitment of patients will start on the day of transplantation (or 8 days before for transplantations with living donor) and data/samples collected at 3 months and 12 months after transplantation and during visits for clinical indication within the first 18 months of follow-up. Realization of all the acts for the research are representing the usual medical practice (Standard Of Care: SOC) except one additional blood sample for dd-cfDNA analyses that will be collected and analyzed specifically for the research. The paraffin-embedded core dedicated to SOC histology will be used for gene expression profiling and digital pathology imaging after SOC procedures. Using the newest information derived from dd-cfDNA analyses combined with clinical data, dd-cfDNA will allow us to identify kidney transplant patients at low- and high-risk of rejection. using non-invasive dd-cfDNA levels combined with clinical data, preventing unnecessary allograft biopsies which are invasive, with and present a potential risk of complications for the patients and costly burden to the healthcare ## Eligibility - **Minimum age:** 18 Years - **Sex:** ALL - **Healthy Volunteers:** No ``` Inclusion Criteria: * All men and women, age ≥18 years old. * Subject must be a recipient of a non-combined renal transplant from a deceased or living donor. It can be a re transplantation after a graft loss of function or graft rejection * Subject is willing and able to provide signed written informed consent and willing to comply with study procedures * Women of Childbearing Potential (WOCBP) must be using an adequate method of contraception to avoid pregnancy throughout the study in such a manner that the risk of pregnancy is minimized. Exclusion Criteria: * Subjects who are legally detained in an official institution or under legal protection * Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, might interfere with the patient 's participation in the study, poses an added risk for the patient, or confounds the assessment of the patient * History of multi-organ transplant (interference with rejection natural history). ``` ## Arms - **Group I : routine group** (NO_INTERVENTION) — patients will follow a standard clinical follow-up based on kidney allograft function (serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria) and a surveillance allograft biopsy performed at 3 and 12 months after transplantation (M3 and M12) and for clinical indication whenever considered necessary by the clinician (CI), on the basis of 5 CI visits maximum expected per patient between D0 and M18. The standard of care comprises two biopsy cores: one is dedicated to histology. The paraffin-embedded core dedicated to SOC histology will be used for gene expression profiling and digital pathology imaging after SOC procedures . - **Group II: dd-cfDNA-guided** (EXPERIMENTAL) — Patients will follow a dd-cfDNA-guided strategy based on dd-cfDNA levels in the blood associated with relevant clinical data on the basis of its detection and prediction capacities for rejection at M3, M12 and during visits for clinical indication (5 CI visits maximum expected per patient between D0 and M18 to decide whether a biopsy is performed within the first 18 months of follow-up. Patients will be classified in "High risk" and "Low risk" depending on the dd-cfDNA integrative report generated by PARCC INSERM UMR 970 after centralization of dd-cfDNA results. If the patient is stratified into the "high-risk of rejection" subgroup, they can decide to perform the biopsy. In any case, the decision to perform the biopsy is left to the appreciation of the physician. They will report their awareness of the report's result to guide the act of biopsy in the eCRF. like in Group I, the standard of care comprises two biopsy cores ## Interventions - **dd-cfDNA-guided** (BIOLOGICAL) — In groups I and II, the blood sample for dd-cfDNA assay will be taken on D0, just prior to transplantation, for all patients. in addition, for patients following a dd-cf DNA-guided strategy based on dd-cf DNA ; samples for dd-cf DNA assay will be taken at M3 and M12 visits and at visits for clinical indication (5 maximum) and the blood will be sent to the PARCC technical platform of INSERM UMR 970. By combining the dd-cfDNA level and relevant medical data, an integration report will be sent to the centers to stratify patients into high-risk or low-risk rejection profiles. If the patient is classified in the "low risk of rejection" subgroup, he may decide not to perform the biopsy. If the patient is classified in the "high risk of rejection" subgroup, he may decide to perform the biopsy within 15 days of the sample being taken. the decision to perform the biopsy is left to the discretion of the physician. ## Primary Outcomes - **compare levels of eGFR measured by CKD-EPI equation in both arms** _(time frame: 18 months)_ — Comparison of the levels of eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) in both arms estimated by glomerular filtration rate (CKD-EPI eGFR) at 18 months' post-transplantation ## Secondary Outcomes - **modification of the immunosuppression treatment** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **graft survival rates** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **biopsy-proven rejections** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **incidence of death** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **probability of kidney allograft rejection measured by gene expression in the biopsy tissue** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **quantity of lesion patterns between both groups** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **compare health care expenses between both groups** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **compare EQ-5D-5L questionnaire answers between both group** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **compare the PREMs questionnaire answer in dd-cfDNA-guided group** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **compare the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7 ) questionnaire answer between both group** _(time frame: 18 months)_ - **compare the visual analyse scale ( VAS ) questionnaire answer between both group** _(time frame: 18 months)_ ## Locations (6) - Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France — _ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING_ - Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France — _ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING_ - AP-HP - Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France — _ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING_ - CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France — _NOT_YET_RECRUITING_ - Hopital Saint Louis, Paris, Île-de-France Region, France — _RECRUITING_ - Hôpital de la Salpêtrière hôpital à Paris, Paris, Île-de-France Region, France — _RECRUITING_ ## Recent Field Changes (last 30 days) - `status.overallStatus` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `status.primaryCompletionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `status.completionDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `status.lastUpdatePostDate` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `design.phases` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `design.enrollmentCount` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `eligibility.criteria` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `eligibility.minAge` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `eligibility.sex` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `outcomes.primary` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `outcomes.secondary` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `armsInterventions.arms` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `armsInterventions.interventions` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `sponsor.lead` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `results.hasResults` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `locations.georges pompidou european hospital|paris||france` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `locations.hôpital necker-enfants malades|paris||france` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `locations.ap-hp - hôpital tenon|paris||france` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `locations.chu toulouse|toulouse||france` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `locations.hopital saint louis|paris|île-de-france region|france` — added _(2026-05-12)_ - `locations.hôpital de la salpêtrière hôpital à paris|paris|île-de-france region|france` — added _(2026-05-12)_ --- *Canonical: https://parkinsonspathways.com/agent/trials/NCT06406179.md* *Source data (authoritative): https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06406179* *This page is a raw mirror with no AI summary, no editorial enrichment, and no Parkinson's-specific filtering.*